Receptores del hospedero implicados en la invasión del merozoito de Plasmodium falciparum: Revisión
Host receptors involved in the invasion of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite: Review
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Introducción. La malaria es un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial y es causada por 5 especies de parásitos apicomplejos del género Plasmodium. La invasión exitosa de los merozoítos al glóbulo rojo es una etapa fundamental en el ciclo de vida del parásito, el cual usa un variado repertorio de ligandos que interactúan de forma específica con receptores presentes en la membrana del glóbulo rojo. Objetivo. Revisar las características moleculares y estructurales de los receptores expresados en la superficie de los glóbulos rojos, implicados en el proceso de invasión del merozoito de Plasmodium falciparum. Método. Revisión descriptiva sobre las características moleculares y estructurales de los receptores de la superficie del glóbulo rojo, los cuales juegan un papel fundamental durante la invasión del merozoíto de Plasmodium falciparum. Esta revisión empezó por la búsqueda de literatura publicada hasta el año 2019 en bases de datos electrónicas, especializadas en la divulgación de investigación biomédica. Se encontraron 127 documentos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 111 y se excluyeron 33 por no cumplir los criterios de inclusión; en total, se analizaron 78 referencias. Conclusión. En esta revisión se resumieron las características moleculares y estructurales de los receptores presentes en el glóbulo rojo importantes en el proceso de invasión del merozoito de P. falciparum. También, se resaltó la importancia de elucidar las diferentes vías de invasión del parásito y así, poder desarrollar alternativas profilácticas o terapéuticas que conduzcan a mitigar o eliminar la malaria
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