Productividad laboral y rendimiento cognitivo de trabajadores expuestos a ambientes laborales con contaminación del aire. Revisión narrativa de la literatura
Work Productivity and Cognitive Performance of Workers Exposed to Work Environments with air Pollution
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Introducción: Diversas investigaciones sobre la contaminación en entornos laborales han identificado efectos adversos en la salud mental de los trabajadores. Objetivo: Analizar las investigaciones que informan sobre el impacto en el rendimiento cognitivo y la productividad laboral de trabajadores expuestos a la contaminación del aire de ambientes laborales contaminados. Materiales y métodos: Revisión narrativa de la literatura, que analizó las investigaciones sobre el tema en diferentes bases de datos. Se implementó el método PRISMA para el proceso de selección de la información, teniendo en cuenta criterios de exclusión e inclusión, para el análisis se utilizó el software ATLAS.ti., como base exclusiva de la gestión de datos conceptuales. Discusión y resultados: Se evidenció una asociación entre las investigaciones consultadas, focos de interés analítico en común respecto a seis categorías temáticas identificadas (productividad laboral, rendimiento cognitivo, psicopatologías, contaminación del aire, agentes neurotóxicos y trabajadores expuestos), con un grado de coocurrencia investigativa y acuerdo parcial entre los resultados encontrados de la relación entre la contaminación y la productividad laboral, los procesos cognitivos y las psicopatologías. Conclusión: La exposición a la contaminación del aire influye de forma significativa en la salud mental y cognitiva, según sea la labor que se desarrolle. Esta exposición en el entorno laboral puede afectar el funcionamiento cognitivo y de procesos como la memoria, la capacidad de atención y el aprendizaje, así como aumentar la predisposición a trastornos psicológicos.
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