Retos de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo en la era tecnológica. Revisión narrativa
Challenges of occupational safety and health in the technological era. Narrative review
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Introducción: La seguridad y salud en el trabajo (SST) abarca cultura, clima y gestión de seguridad, influenciada por factores humanos y ambientales. Con la llegada de la Industria 5.0, basada en inteligencia artificial (IA), se anticipan cambios en los puestos de trabajo y desafíos en la automatización y el empleo. Aunque la tecnología avanza, muchas tareas manuales y cognitivas siguen sin poder automatizarse. La Sociedad 5.0 busca fusionar el ciberespacio con el espacio físico para resolver problemas sociales, lo que exige la adaptación de las regulaciones en SST.
Objetivo: describir los retos de la SST en la era tecnológica, analizando sus ventajas y desventajas.
Metodología: se realizó una revisión narrativa bajo la metodología PICO, con una búsqueda en bases de datos como PubMed, ScienceDirect, OVID, ProQuest y SciELO, seleccionando 50 artículos relevantes.
Resultados: indican que la digitalización y la IA optimizan la SST, pero también presentan desafíos regulatorios y de interacción humano-máquina. Mientras que la Industria 4.0 prioriza la tecnología, la Industria 5.0 se centra en el impacto social y el bienestar laboral.
La transición a la Industria 5.0 demanda nuevas estrategias de monitoreo y formación en SST. Herramientas como la realidad virtual y la IA pueden predecir riesgos y mejorar la seguridad, aunque persisten barreras económicas y de privacidad.
Conclusión: a pesar de los desafíos, la correcta implementación de estas tecnologías puede transformar positivamente los entornos laborales, garantizando el bienestar de los empleados en un mundo laboral cada vez más digitalizado.
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- Universidad de Boyacá
- Editorial
- Universidad de Boyacá
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Referencias (VER)
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